Properties | More Info | Isotopes | Spectra
Compounds | Reactions | Production | Video
Atomic: M.A.C. | Reference
Diagrams: Shell | Atomic Radius | Electron || Images
Lithium
Electrons per shell 2,1
Electron Configuration 1s2 2s1 open electron config
Ground state 2S1/2
Atomic Volume 13.1 cm3 mol-1
Electronegativity 0.98
Magnetic ordering Non-magnetic
Mass magnetic susceptibility 6.3 x 10-9
Molar magnetic susceptibility 4.37 x 10-11
Speed of sound 6000 m s-1
Thermal Properties
Enthalpy of Atomization 160.7 kJ mol-1 @25°C
Enthalpy of Fusion 4.50 kJ mol-1
Enthalpy of Vaporisation 147.7 kJ mol-1
Heat Capacity 24.860 J mol-1 K-1
Thermal Conductivity 84.8 W m-1 K-1
Thermal Expansion 46 μm m-1 K-1
Critcal Temperature 3223 K (2950°C)
Critcal Pressure No data.
Adiabatic index No data.
Hardness
Mohs hardness 0.6
Elastic Properties
Bulk modulus 11 GPa
Shear modulus 4.2 GPa
Young's modulus 4.9 GPa
Electrical Properties
Electrical resistivity 9.4 x 10-8 Ω m
Electrical conductivity 0.108 106/cm Ω
Chemical Properties
Electrochemical Equivalent 0.259 g Ah-1
Electron Work Function 2.9 eV
Valence Electron Potential (-eV) 19
Ionization Potential  
First 5.392
Second 76.638
Third 122.451
Incompatibilities Water, acids, oxidizing agents.
Flammability
Flammable solid
Energy Levels
Kα1 (intensity 100) 0.0543 KeV
Atomic Radii
Empirical 145 pm
Bohr Radius 167 pm
Covalent Radius 134 pm
Van der Waals 182 pm
Triple covalent No data.
Metallic 152 pm
Ionic Radii (Å)
Charge Coordination Crystal Ionic Key
IV 0.73 0.59 *
VI 0.9 0.76 *
VIII 1.06 0.92 C
R, From r3 vs V plots.
C, Calculated from bond length - bond strength equations.
E, Estimated.
*, Most Reliable.
M, From Metallic Oxides.
A, Ahrens (1952) Ionic radius.
P, Pauling's (1960) Crystal Radius.
Oxidation States
Main Li+1
Other Li-1 (in liquid NH3)
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1) show graph
M - M+ 513.3
M+ - M2+ 7298.0
M2+ - M3+ 11814.8
Vapour Pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K
T (K) 797 885 995 1144 1337 1610
Crystal Structure
Structure Body centred cubic
a = 351 pm
b = 351 pm
c = 351 pm
α = 90°
β = 90°
γ = 90°